City University of New York Graduate Center
PhD Program in Business at Baruch College
Zicklin School of Business
Courses and Schedules >> Courses
   
 
ACCOUNTING
COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS
ECONOMICS
FINANCE
MANAGEMENT 
MARKETING
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 
STATISTICS
While the Program endeavors to offer as many of the courses as possible, not all courses are offered every semester. It is important to check with individual departments prior to scheduling classes to determine the availability of courses for any given semester.
Accounting
ACC U706oo Finanical Statement Analysis and Reporting
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

An in-depth study of the analysis and interpretation of financial statements by external decision makers, including measures of liquidity, solvency, capital structure, return on investments, and operating performance. The impact of accounting conventions and alternative standards on analytical measures is also explored.

Prerequisite: Advanced accounting

ACC U707oo Contemporary Accounting Topic
2 hours; 2 credits

Students will be required to read articles, research studies, and official pronouncements on selected current issues and developments in four major areas of accounting (see out- line) and participate actively in weekly seminar discussions. All weekly assigned reading must be completed in advance of each meeting. Additionally, the students will prepare a major paper on a current topic or issue to be presented in the seminar. Reviews of literature, discussions of methodology, and the practical implications of student papers will be presented in class. Each student will make at least one oral presentation during the term. Enrollments will be limited to ensure full student participation and faculty interaction. The term paper should be an in-depth analysis of a relevant topic, preferably in one of the areas covered during tile term. Topics are to be approved in advance. Papers will be presented in the last four sessions of the seminar. A final examination will be given. The final grade is based on class participation, the term paper, oral presentation of the term paper, and a written examination. A grade of Incomplete will be given if the term paper has not been submitted but has been presented from notes and if all other requirements have been completed and passed, including the final examination.  

Prerequisites: Advanced accounting and auditing and permission of the graduate advisor.

ACC U802oo Empirical research in Accounting 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Students will be required to engage in the critique of empirical studies in financial and managerial accounting. Topics include the impact of accounting numbers on security prices, income smoothing, accounting risk measures, and transfer pricing and performance evaluation. Students will also be required to present their own research on selected topics.

ACC U803oo Current Issues in Managerial Accounting
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Here students investigate accounting control systems designed to ensure efficient use of organizational resources: the controllership function, management information systems, profit and expense centers, and budgeting in the context of managerial control. 

Prerequisites: Intermediate accounting; cost accounting and practice.

ACC U804oo Current Issues in Auditing
3 hours; 3 credits

The course surveys the theory and practice of auditing, introducing students to generally accepted auditing standards, methods and procedures, preparation of auditors’ reports, legal liability, and professional ethics.

ACC U810oo Seminar in Managerial Accounting
3 hours; 3 credits

This course reviews (1) economic foundations of the methods used in research in managerial accounting, (2) how information affects economic transactions, and (3) many academic papers. Covered topics include game theory and its applications such as agency theory, information asymmetry, and signaling, disclosures of information, and transfer pricing.

ACC U812oo Empirical Research Methods
3 hours; 3 credits

This course allows students to apply empirical methods from economics, statistics, and other fields to the accounting literature. It will focus on research on capital markets and the use of pertinent in evaluating market model residuals and criteria for assessing cross-sectional research will be examined.

ACC U822oo Advanced Empirical Research
3 hours; 3 credits

Intended for students who have completed Accounting U802 and U812, this course continues to expose students to current empirical research and emphasizes their production of papers. Students will be asked to undertake short, original research studies or replications using alternative methodological techniques.

ACC U890oo Dissertation Seminar
No Credit

Individual research under supervision for preparation of the doctoral dissertation. Required of all candidates for the doctorate in this area of specialization. Registration must be maintained until completion of the dissertation.

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Information Systems
CIS U735oo Networks and Telecommunications
3 hours; 3 credits

Key technical and managerial issues in the development of the telecommunications resource by organizations. The course covers technology (the underlying technology of information communication facilities, networking systems, and communications software), architecture (the way in which hardware, software, and services can be organized to provide computer and terminal interconnection), and applications (how information communications and networking systems can meet the cost constraints and requirements of today’s business). The course provides a balanced approach to the study of this topic, emphasizing managerial issues as well as the supporting technical knowledge needed to plan and to manage today’s complex telecommunication systems.

Pre- or corequisite :MGT U747 or equivalent.

CIS U749oo Systems Analysis and Design
3 hours; 3 credits

Examination of the various tools, techniques, processes, and issues related to the analysis and design of organizational information systems. This course follows the traditional systems development Life cycle and covers such techniques as entity/ relationship (E/R) data modeling, data flow diagrams, normalized file design, and project management. Hands-on experience is provided using computer-assisted software engineering (CASE) technology. A group project develops an enterprise feasibility study, a working system prototype, and an overall systems development plan for a business or nonprofit organizational problem.

Pre- or corequisite :MGT U747 or equivalent

CIS U821oo Research Methods I: Quantitative Research in Information Systems
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course focuses on designing, evaluating, and understanding quantitative methods and methodologies for information systems research. Its major objective is to enable students to design information systems experiments and surveys and to produce publishable papers. Students will work in teams on an original research project and will be expected to submit a research paper to an information systems journal or conference.

prerecorequisite: MGT U847 or equivalent


CIS U822oo Research Methods II :Qualitative Research in Information Systems
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course helps develop knowledge and skills in the application and use of qualitative research methods as they relate to information systems (IS). The course provides a survey of the methodological literature on qualitative research methods paired with appropriate article-length exemplars in the IS domain. Methodologies studied include case study, ethnography, content analysis, and protocol analysis. Students acquire skills in developing a research strategy, understanding and using a grounded theory approach, triangulating methods for strengthening research findings, and supporting methodological choices. The course enables students to identify qualitative research methods prevalent in IS research; formulate research design, data analysis, and evaluation techniques for research; and evaluate qualitative research of others in the IS area.

Prerequisite: MGT U847 or equivalent

CIS U840oo Selected Topics In Information Systems
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course will highlight and study in depth a specific area of information systems. Possible areas are advanced database systems research, artificial intelligence and expert systems, electronic markets, financial information systems, international issues in information systems, multimedia systems, and emerging technologies. This course may be taken more than once for credit.

Prerequisite: MGT U847 or equivalent

CIS U860oo Seminar in Information Systems Research
2 hours plus conference;  credits

This research seminar will investigate current research into the behavioral, sociological, and organizational issues in information systems. The work of major information systems researchers and research groups will be studied in depth, especially the current and up-and-coming areas of information systems research. Students will be expected to prepare oral presentations and to submit a finished paper to an information systems journal or conference.

Prerequisite: MGT U847 or equivalent

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Economics
ECO U703oo Microeconomic Theory I
3 hours; 3 credits

The course deals with the microeconomic foundations of demand, production, and cost. Price-output decisions are examined in the context of normative models of imperfect competition and oligopoly. The models are developed primarily under static conditions and certainty. Empirical considerations are introduced where appropriate. The diagrammatic approach is frequently complemented and extended by derivations based on elementary calculus.

Prerequisite: Basic Economics

ECO U708oo Macroeconomic Theory I
3 hours; 3 credits

The course deals with the determination of gross national product and of associated variable. The economic system is broken down into product, money, and labor markets. The components in each market and the interrelationship among different markets are studied. The general equilibrium of the macroeconomy is analyzed from both Keynesian and neoclassical viewpoints. Government monetary and fiscal policies are also discussed.

Prerequisite: Basic Economics 

ECO U808oo Macroeconomic Theory II
3 hours; 3 credits

This course deals with dynamic macroeconomics. Both long-run and short-run macro economic phenomena are analyzed. In long-run analysis, economic growth and capital accumulation are related to embodied and disembodied technical process, income distribution, and monetary factors. The exploration also extends to optimal growth models. The short-run analysis concentrates on business cycle theories. The mathematical formulation and econometric treatment of business cycles are also studied. The discussion also includes and integration of cyclical and growth processes.

Prerequisite: ECO U708

ECO U820oo Econometric Theory
3 hours; 3 credits

A survey of single-equation and simultaneous-equations econometric methods. The topics covered under the single-equation methods are the classical linear regression model and related topics, such as multicollinearity, serial correlation, heteroscedasticity, lagged variables, specification bias, and a measurement errors. There is also a brief introduction to nonlinear (in parameters) regression models and Bayesian regressional analysis. The topics in simultaneous-equations methods include the identification problem; the rank and order conditions of identification; and methods of solving just- and over-identified equations, such as the indirect least square, two–stage least squares, least-variance ratio, k-class estimators, three –stage least square, and the full information maximum likelihood; and the use of these methods in econometric model building and forecasting.

Prerequisites: STA U700, STA U702

ECO U821oo : Applied Econometric Theory
3 hours, 3 credits

This course is for advanced students interested in the econometrics of financial modeling. It covers a wide variety of topics in empirical finance, including nonlinear, autoregressive models, ARCH/GARCH models, stochastic volatility models, diffusion models, and their applications to portfolio theory, term structure of interest rates, derivative pricing, and risk management. Each part develops statistical techniques within the context of a particular financial application.

ECO U823oo

 

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Finance
FIN U700oo Introduction To The Theory Of Finance
3 hours; 3 credits

Survey and analysis of problems facing the financial manager, including a theoretical introduction to financial institutions, financial instruments, and the capital markets. topics covered include functions and operations of the :capital markets; analysis of the consumption and investment decision of investors; analysis of investments in common ;stocks, bonds, and other risky assets; portfolio construction and diversification; equilibrium pricing of assets; evaluation theory; efficient market theory; capital budgeting and Investment decision making; estimation and determinants of the firm’s cost of capital structure decisions on investment and the cost of capital.

Prerequisite: Basic Economics

FIN U1006o Management of Financial Intermediaries 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits
 
Analysis of the problems facing financial intermediaries. The role and operations of financial intermediaries in the primary and secondary markets. Management of assets and liabilities under conditions of uncertainty. The evaluation of primary and secondary investments. A consideration of the specific problems facing banks, investment companies, pension funds, savings and loan associations, and insurance companies. Other areas covered include control of financial operations, analysis of the effects of the legal framework on intermediation, and an analysis of the markets in which financial intermediaries engage.

Prerequisite: FIN UlOO.

FIN U770oo International Financial Markets and Institutions
3 hours, 3 credits

Topic in international finance with emphasis on foreign exchange determination and managing foreign exchange risk. Topics include international asset pricing models, market integration and segmentation, global equity and debt markets, international listing of equities, international GAAP differences, international mergers and acquisitions, global corporate governance and special topics in emerging financial markets

Prerequisite: 700

FIN U810oo: Corporate Finance 
3 hours, 3 credits

The course focuses on recent theoretical developments in corporate finance. Topics include basic concepts in game theory and contract theory and their applications to corporate finance. The techniques developed are used to understand agency conflicts between debt holders and equity holders, the role of managerial reputation and monitoring by financial intermediaries; conflicts of interest between managers and shareholders; capital structure and security design under asymmetric information; interactions between capital structure and product market competition; the market for corporate control, takeovers and acquisitions; bankruptcy and reorganization; IPOs and under-pricing. 

Prerequisite: FIN U700

FIN U811oo: Advanced Topics in Corporate Finance Theory 
3 hours, 3 credits

The goal of the course is to familiarize students with current research in corporate finance and to help them generate new research ideas. The course introduces students to the databases and empirical methods used most frequently in corporate finance research. The course covers a broad spectrum of topics including capital structure, security issuance, investment decisions, dividend policy, corporate control, and corporate governance. Emerging areas of research such as market microstructure and behavioral research in corporate finance are also covered.

Prerequisite: FIN U700

FIN U812oo Seminar in Corporate Finance Theory 
3 hours; 3 credits

Special topics in corporate finance. 
Prerequisite: FIN U81

FIN U830 Capital Markets and Portfolio Theory
3 hours; 3 credits

Topics in investments with strong emphasis on theory and empirical testing of hypotheses. Continuation of portfolio theory, including treatment of stat-preference models, growth models and their use in evaluation of the performance of investment trust and mutual funds, and current empirical research on capital asset pricing, information and stock prices, and the efficiency of the capital markets. Other areas covered: the pricing of hybrid securities, such as options, warrants, and convertible bonds, and the relationship between corporate decision variable and the capital markets.

Prerequisite: U700, STA U700, STA U702

FIN U831oo
3 hours, 3 credits

 

FIN U832oo Seminar in Capital Markets and Portfolio Theory
3 hours; 3 credits

Special topics in capital markets and portfolio theory.

Prerequisite: FIN U830.

FIN U857oo: Seminar in Financial Institutions
3 hours, 3 credits

Study of the role of financial institutions in financial security design, optimal capital  structure, financial fragility, systematic risk, financial market structure and economic  development. Both theoretical and academic work will be stressed in an international context.

Prerequisite: FIN U700

FIN U890oo: Options Markets
3 hours; 3 credits

This course examines facets of options markets. The microstructure of options markets receives attention, as well as position strategies for a variety of financial instruments. Students learn about arbitrage pricing and boundary conditions of options pricing. A number of pricing models are discussed, such as the black and Scholes model and Cox-Ross-Rubinstein binomial models. The use of options pricing models in evaluation of financial assets and in portfolio theory is also included.

FIN U891oo: Future Markets
3 hours; 3 credits

This course examines the economic and institutional aspects of the futures markets. It focuses on the theories of pricing, hedging, and speculation. The speculative risk-return characteristics as well as the hedge management potential of the available instruments are detailed.

 
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Management
MGT U700oo Managerial Control
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The course examines in detail the function of managerial control, with emphasis on complex socioeconomic systems. Widely used models and approaches are studied, and the principles of system dynamics and cybernetics are covered.

MGT U732oo Management and Organization Theory
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

A dedicated study of the nature, development analysis, and application of theory and models to the study of management and organization. A macro view of theory formulation, elements of theory and models, notion of explanation, and a detailed study of a series of modern theories and models in management, organization analysis, and organization behavior. The student focuses on learning to read diagrams and evaluate critically the theoretic and modeling approaches to the disciplines.

MGT U741oo Management Science
2 hour plus conference; 3 credits

Recent developments in the field of management science are examined. The topics are selected from current literature on the basis of their significance and the interests of the students.

Prerequisite: Quantitive foundations.

MGT U743oo Strategic Management I
2 hour plus conference; 3 credits

The Problems of definition, design, and evaluation of strategic management systems are fully explored. The basis of the course is an integrator of the various disciplines of business.

Prerequisite: BUS U877, BUS U878.

MGT U745oo Operational Planning Systems and Control
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course is concerned with planning and control methods for the fulfillment of operations objectives. Various models, including production smoothing, queuing models, inventory control, and simulation, as applied to the evaluation and management of subsystems of the firm, are examined.

Prerequisite: Quantitive foundations.

MGT U747oo Managment Information Systems
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The course examines retrospective management information searches and their role in supporting the strategic decision-making function of top management. Systems are modeled and implemented with the assistance of the computer facilities. Problems of information labeling, storage, and retrieval are considered and related to the design and evaluation of management information systems.

Prerequisite: Quantitive foundations.

MGT U1003o Management of Human Resources
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The purpose of the seminar is to introduce students to the field of human resources management. The focus is to develop an understanding of the themes that underline the field today, and the contribution of scholarly research to the cumulative knowledge base in this area.

MGT U780oo Seminar in Human Resource Management and Labor Relations
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The seminar focuses on current research issues in human resource management including those that relate to the field of labor relations.
MGT U800oo Seminar in Managerial Control
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course explores in considerable depth the implications and applications of theories of managerial control.

Prerequisite: MGT U700.

MGT U843oo Strategic Management II
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

An in-depth analysis of the strategic management makeup of organizations as viewed from a structural, competitive, internal, and external environment.

Prerequisite: MGT U743.

MGT U847oo Seminar in Management Information Systems
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Significant management information systems topics of special interest are covered in this seminar. Topics reflect the frontiers of research and the current state of the art. Management information systems methodology will be used to model the formulation of selected management problems.

Prerequisite: MGT U747.

MGT U870ooA Seminar in Policy and Strategy I
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course is concerned with the formulation and the systematic choice of business policy to guide actions for the attainment of corporate goals. It concerns itself with the study of functions and responsibilities of management and the problems that affect the character and success of the total enterprise.

MGT U870ooB Seminar in Policy and Strategy II
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This seminar, which is the second part of a one-year sequence, is concerned with how firms in different societies adapt to the needs, expectations, opportunities, and pressures created by their internal and external environments; how broad issues of government policy, economic planning, the structure of labor laws, and social activism exert a vital influence on the goals and strategies of both domestic and foreign business firms; and the effects of such issues as technology transfer, anti-trust and competition policies, and business-government relations.

MGT U880oo Special Topic in Business
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The seminar is designed to teach current topics in selected business topics.

MGT U881oo-1 Seminar in Production Management I
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The student will conduct a research project in a selected area of production management under the supervision of a staff member. A report on the candidate's research is required.

Prerequisite: MGT U 745.

MGT U881oo-2 Seminar in Production Management II
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The student will continue the work begun in MGT U881-1, concentrating on more advanced research projects.

Prerequisite: MGT U881-1.

 

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Marketing
MKT U70loo Research Methods I: Design
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits


This course introduces the basic methodological approaches to a scientific investigation: surveys, experiments, and observation. Empirical marketing investigations representative of each approach are discussed and evaluated. Students prepare formal research proposals in which alternative methodological approaches are specified in detail.

MKT U702oo Research Methods II : Qualitative Research in Marketing
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits 

Field-oriented qualitative research techniques currently employed in marketing research are explored in this course, with particular emphasis on focus-group and individual interviewing procedures. During fieldwork, students will acquire experience using these and other qualitative methods to formulate middle-range marketing theory.

MKT U703oo Research Method III: Quantitative Research in Marketing  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Interdependence analysis techniques (e.g., factor analysis, cluster analysis, LISREL) will be studied. Students will create and use data sets and learn how to interpret output. Application of each technique for analysis of various types of problems and data will be studied.

MKT U715oo The History of Marketing Thought 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course will analytically examine the paradigms that have influenced marketing through its development as an academic discipline. The roots of marketing in the functionalist and institutionalist schools and its relationship to economics will be discussed.

MKT U730oo Channels of Distribution  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course examines the various channels of distribution through which goods flow from manufacturer to final user, including distributors, wholesalers, retailers, brokers, manufacturers' representatives, sales agents, etc. It examines the effects of channel decisions on other components of the marketing mix (e.g., pricing and product decisions, promotion, and target consumers). 

Prerequisite: MKT 9703.

MKT U1001o Practicum- New Product Planning and Development
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive exposure to the techniques of product planning and development, including a team approach to product idea generation, concept development, technical and economic screening, and product concept testing and commercialization, including the development of business and marketing plans. 

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

MKT U812oo Studies in Marketing Research  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits


Topics include planning research as an aid to marketing management, administration and reporting of professional Marketing research projects, and criteria for evaluation. Students will examine and evaluate actual reports and . undertake real or simulated projects. 

Prerequisite: Previous course work in marketing research or the equivalent. 

MKT U815oo The Process and Diffusion of Innovation in Marketing
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course concentrates on the conceptual and methodological issues associated with the creation and diffusion of innovations. Students will be exposed to literature on product/service concept development and evaluation and to research focusing on obstacles to the successful diffusion of innovations.

MKT U880oo Seminar in Current Marketing Problems  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Critical analysis of current problems, issues, and development; the relationship between marketing functions, processes, and institutions and changes in the general social and economic environment. 

Prerequisite: 9 credits of graduate work in marketing or special departmental permission.

MKT U881oo Seminar in Marketing Theory
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Examination of formulated marketing theory, problems confronted in developing a theoretical foundation for marketing, theories of interdisciplinary approaches to the marketing area, and the utility of marketing theory. 

Prerequisite: 9 credits of graduate work in marketing or special s departmental permission.

MKT U882oo Seminar in Marketing Strategy
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Formulation of overall marketing plans and strategies, operation coordination of product planning, channel decisions, pricing, promotion, selling, marketing research and distribution cost control, and problems in developing marketing campaigns and programs. 

Prerequisite: 12 credits of graduate work in marketing or special departmental permission.

MKT U885oo Seminar in Buyer Behavior
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

The two-fold objective of this course is to help students gain in-depth understanding in such areas of consumer behavior as memory, learning, attitude, and information processing and to offer a metatheoretical perspective on buyer behavior. The course will address the role of consumer research in marketing theory, the appropriateness of consumer behavior as a basic paradigm for marketing, philosophical trends in consumer behavior, and the use of behavioral approaches to the study of marketing relationships.

MKT U888oo Selected Topics in Marketing 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This seminar serves as the capstone course in the marketing Ph.D. specialization. Organized around the comprehensive examination, this course will focus on primary theoretical and methodological issues in the sub disciplines of marketing, with particular attention to recent research.

 
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Organizational Behavior
BUS  U800oo Philosophy of Science  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course provides a philosophical introduction to the theoretical and empirical development of scientific knowledge. The purpose of the course is to help doctoral students define a research context by addressing the purposes, assumptions, and primary components of scientific inquiry. Topics receiving attention include forms of knowledge, scientific laws, nature of theory, and ethics.

BUS U802oo Higher Education Teaching Seminar
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Business U802 helps doctoral students learn about college teaching. Several faculty instructors conduct sessions treating teaching methods, preparation, evaluation, communication techniques, diversity, and common teaching problems. Students read articles, prepare case analyses, and acquire advice in response to problems they raise.

BUS U850oo Comparative International Management and Organizations
3 hours; 3 credits

Emphasis in this course is on a comparative study of the impact of business organizations and management activities on the economy and society of a selected number of countries. The aim is to sensitize to the cultural, socioeconomic, political, and government regularity factors that influence and determine relationships between social institutions and the management of business organizations.

BUS U872ooA Seminar in Organization Theory I 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course emphasizes organizational analysis from a structuralist perspective. Typologies of organizations are developed and evaluated from various theoretical perspectives both in the United States and in other cultural settings.

BUS U872ooB Seminar in Organization Theory II
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

A detailed study of the nature, development analysis, and application of theory and models to the study of management and organization. A marco view of theory formulation, elements of theory and models, and notion of explanation and a detailed study of a series of modern theories constructs proposed. Alternative expanded schemes are proposed in order to account for organizational processes in work settings in the United States and other cultures.

BUS U874ooA Seminar in Organization Behavior I  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course critically examines the metatheoretical characteristics of contemporary theory in organizational behavior and the empirical adequacy of the theoretical constructs proposed. Alternative expanded schemes are proposed in order to account for organizational processes in work setting in the United States and other cultures.

BUS U874ooB Seminar in Organization Behavior II 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This course concerns itself with the effect of organizational policies, practices, and job characteristics on individuals and society. Theoretical frameworks relating to alienation, stress, and job and life satisfaction are examined, and an effort is made to develop an understanding of those conditions under which organizations may impact positively on the component elements of our society.

BUS U877oo Behavioral Science Foundations I 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

Deals with the individual and small-group behavior in organizations. Covers material dealing with attitude and performance of organizational participants and such issues as leadership style, personnel, attitude, and motivation. Emphasizes the psychological approach to behavior.

Prerequisites: Preliminary requirements.

BUS U878oo Behavioral Science Foundations II  
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

A continuation of Behavioral Science Foundations I (BUS U 877). The emphasis is on the organization as a unit of analysis as well as the organizational system at large. The approach is sociopolitical in nature, emphasizing the ecological and environmental impacts on organizational system at large. The approach is sociopolitical in nature, emphasizing the ecological and environmental impacts on organizations.

Prerequisite: BUS U877.

BUS  U885oo Research Method I
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

An intensive survey of behavioral science research methods as applied particularly to the study of organizations and as applied particularly to the study of organizations. Students complete projects utilizing a number of methods, perform both primary and secondary data analysis utilizing major computer software packages, and prepare a complete research proposal, including literature review and sample and measurement selection in an area of relevance to organizations.


Prerequisites: Preliminary requirements.

BUS U886oo Research Method II 
2 hours plus conference; 3 credits

An intensive survey of major analytical techniques applicable to research in organizational behavior. Students apply concepts and skills developed in BUS U885 in performing a variety of analyses and data-handling techniques. Particular attention is given to the assumptions, limitations, and misapplications of the various techniques as well as to the proper interpretation of results. Students implement the research proposal developed in BUS U885 by collecting and/or analyzing appropriate data and preparing a final research paper. 

Prerequisite: BUS UBB5.

BUS U889oo Seminar in Contemporary Business Research
No credit

A seminar in which students and faculty discuss and analyze contemporary research and research methodology in the various business specializations. Particular attention is paid to ongoing or proposed research by faculty and students. All student dissertation proposals are formally presented in this seminar.  
 
 
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Statistics
STAT U700oo (STA 9700) Statistical Analysis for Business Decision
3 hours plus conference; 3 credits

This first course in linear models is designed to present the material related to classical regression as well as relevant modern techniques. The traditional material based on ordinary least squares is blended with the modern methods of diagnosis and combating of collinearity. In the area of selecting the optimal subset model, classical and contemporary methodologies are presented. Influence diagnostics to detect data points that exert a disproportionate influence on the regression model are also presented. In addition, procedures that are used when the assumptions of standard methodology are violated are discussed. 

Prerequisite: STA 9708 or equivalent. Credit is given for STA U700 (STA 9700) or STA 9000, but not both.

STAT U702oo Advanced Statistical Inference
3 hours; 3 credits

The theory and application of sampling methods as applied to human populations, industrial sampling, record sampling, and sampling of experimental data are discussed. A variety of plans, including unrestricted random sampling, stratified cluster, multistage, replicated, multiple and sequential, discovery and ratio, and regression estimate sampling plans, are discussed and compared for efficiency. (Registration for this course is ordinarily limited to students in the doctoral program. Master's degree students in the statistics specialization may register for this course only with departmental permission.)

Prerequisites: STA U700 and departmental permission.

STAT U703oo Applied Probability
3 hours; 3 credits

This course covers the operation of sets, probability in finite sample space, random variables, finite Markov process and probability functions, and subjective or personalistic probability. Among the random processes and probability distributions developed are Bernovilli, Pascal, hypergeometric, Poisson, exponential, gammas, and normal distributions. Random sampling distributions and derived probability distributions are presented. Applications to selected business problems are also presented.

Prerequisite: Departmental permission

STAT U704oo (OPR 9704) Operations Research Quantitative Analysis for Business Decisions applied Probability
3 hours; 3 credits

The quantitative techniques in operations research and their application to the decision-making and management planning areas. Emphasis is first placed on problem formulation; quantitative decision models, including deterministic, stochastic, uncertainty, control, and competitive models, are then developed. The components of Bayesian decision models are developed. Such characteristic operations research tools as linear programming, queuing theory, and inventory theory, as well as mathematical simulations and models of entire complex systems, are developed and applied to management areas of marketing, finance, production, and personnel and health administration.

Prerequisites: STA U 700, MTH 9703

STAT U705oo (STA 9705) Multivariate Statistical Methods
3 hours; 3 credits

A comprehensive survey of a large array of widely used multivariate statistical methods intended for the user of advanced statistical methodology. The multivariate normal distribution and related distributions, including Hotelling  T2 and Wishart distribution, are introduced and their use illustrated in statistical estimation and hypothesis testing in multivariate normal models. Additional topics introduced and applied include multivariate analysis of variance and covariance, canonical correlation, principal component analysis, factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and cluster analysis. Students prepare both an oral and written report on their findings.

Prerequisites: MTH 9703; STA 9700 or equivalent.

STAT U783oo (STA 9783) Stochastic Processes for Application I
3 hours; 3 credits

The fundamental concepts of stochastic processes necessary for understanding the complex probabilistic models currently used in business applications are discussed. Stochastic processes covered include the random walk, Markov chains, Borth and Death, and the Markov and Poisson renewal processes. Examples are selected from various disciplines to illustrate the use of these processes.

Prerequisite: STA U702.

STAT U820oo Mathematical Programming in Business and Industry
3 hours; 3 credits

This course deals primarily with the special use of linear programming, with less emphasis on the extension to nonprogramming. The general linear programming model, the transportation model, and the assignment program are introduced. Topics in linear programming, such as the simplex algorithm, duality, sensitivity analysis, integer programming, trans-shipment, blending problems, the caterer problem, etc., are developed. Extensions to problems involving nonlinear functions include quadratic and convex programming and the Kuhn-Tucker theorems. Linear programming is discussed for both static (single time-period) and dynamic (multistage) cases; problems in which the coefficients and deterministic, parametric, and stochastic.

Prerequisites: STA U704, MTH 9703

STAT U851oo Computer Techniques in Business Research
3 hours; 3 credits

The computer and problem solving in the areas of business decision-making statistical methods and accounting. Discussions of mathematical techniques for the computer, including approximation and simulation methods. Programming methods for various problems