 Luis Roniger, Political Clientelism, Democracy, and Market Economy Standing at the crossroads of politics, administration, economy, and society, the study of clientelism has unfolded in three waves of research since the 1960s. While initially research considered clientelism to be mainly a vestige of early modern development, later research has been intrigued by its systemic persistence and continuous organizational change. A review of the most recent wave of research on political clientelism traces some of its major paradigmatic and conceptual trends and shifts, addresses its institutional viability under democracy and market economy, and delineates the future direction of research on the institutional contexts favoring or constraining it. |