Logo. Ph.D Program in
 Speech-Language-Hearing
Sciences
 

71500
Introduction to Neurolinguistics

COURSE OFFERING

Fall 2002
Ph.D. Program in Speech and Hearing Sciences
Graduate Center  of The City University of New York

Syllabus

Introduction to Neurolinguistics
U 71500, Fall 2002
Professor Loraine Obler, lobler@gc.cuny.edu, lkobler@bu.edu
Assisted by Elizabeth Ijalba
Office Hours: Wednesdays and Thursdays by appointment
212 817 8809, room 7400.08

The goal of this course is to acquaint students with the basic principles of studying the relation between language processing and the brain. Because neuroimaging studies are now becoming of great interest in the field, we will use a textbook that reviews the 'standard beliefs' and read coupled behavioral and imaging articles pertinent to the populations discussed in it (e.g., aphasics, right-brain-damaged patients, bilinguals).

In addition to the content, students will learn the structure of scientific articles and presentations in the field, learn how to read/listen to a research paper critically, learn, along with me, how to use the internet critically for research, and practice oral-presentation skills.

Also, class-members are expected to attend as much as possible of the Academy of Aphasia meetings that will be held at the GSUC this year October 20-22 OR pertinent talks at the ASHA meetings in November, and to attend at least one Neurolinguistic Lab meeting Thursdays, 10-12 on the following days: Sept. 12 and 26, Oct. 17 and 31, Nov. 14, and Dec. 12.

Course Textbook:Obler, L.K. and Gjerlow, K, Language and the Brain, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

The class schedule is as follows:

Sept. 5, Class 1: Introduction (Class Mechanics, Expectations, Neuroanatomy and Imaging )
Sept. 12, Class 2: Language in Aging (LKO presents 20-minute NIH lecture for following week)
Sept. 19, Class 3: Aphasia 1: Historical roots. Localization-Holism, functional organization of the brain, current trends: Broca, Wernicke, Luria.
Elizabeth Ijalba will teach this class.
Sept. 26, Class 4: Aphasia 2: Recovery: Rosen et al., Sparks et al., Warburten et al.
Optional:
Tuesday, October 1
Steven Pinker at 92nd Street YMHA, 8:15 pm, $22
"The Blank Slate" - 212 415-5500 (for registration)
Oct. 3, Class 5: Aphasia 3: Agrammatism: Pick, 1909, Linebarger et al., Friederici et al.
Oct. 10 Optional: How to do Power-Point session
Oct. 17, Class 6:  Childhood language: Giraud et al., 2001, Dennis and Whitaker
Oct. 20-22,
Class 7 Equivalent:
Attend Academy of Aphasia meetings
Oct. 24, Class 8:  Review Academy of Aphasia highlights. Each person will report on two specific papers.
Oct. 31, Class 9:  Right hemisphere language: Gold and Kertesz, Brownell, TBA
Nov. 7, Class 10: Bilingualism 1: Normal organization and processing:
Hahne, Kim et al., Kotz, TBA
Nov. 14, Class 11:  Bilingualism 2: Aphasia and Recovery: Abutalebi et al., Green and Price, Pitres
Nov. 21, Class 12: Clinical Implications of Neurolinguistic Research
Elizabeth Ijalba will teach
Nov. 28: No class. Thanksgiving
Dec. 5, Class 13: Dyslexia/Alexia: Brown et al., Helenius et al., Galaburda et al., Orton, 1928 or Hinshelwood, 1902.
Dec. 12, Class 14: Presentations based on Brain and Language, Brain, or NeuroImage articles
   

Dec. 19, Final Exam Due at 4 p.m.: One question: Please write an essay of no more than 12 pages summarizing what we 'knew' about brain organization for language from the classical literature, and what we know from current imaging literature. You may want to refer to the Price, 2001 article, the Grodzinsky, 2002, article, the Giraud and Price, 2001 article and the Huber et al., 2000, but I expect you to refer to your readings for class as well.

Academy of Aphasia reports: summarize each of the papers you are responsible for, based on your listening to the talks and reading the abstracts. Of course, you will paraphrase and not use the same language that the authors did. And, you will have 5 minutes per paper for the content, and another 2 to critique the presentation of it (pace, wording, audio- and/or visual support, presenters' response to questions.)

Final presentation: Using PowerPoint, present a 12 minute paper summarizing the research of a single research study on language organization in the brain from the literature of the past decade as if it were a study you did (give credit to the true authors as your "co-authors").

Grading: I expect everyone to read the papers carefully and to come to class prepared to talk about them. If you are uncomfortable talking, I expect you to speak up; if you are comfortable talking, I expect you to say what you have to say concisely. The following components each constitute 25% of your final grade:

Class Preparation and Participation

Academy of Aphasia Reports

Final Presentation

Final Exam

Accomodations: If there are any accommodations that would render your learning easier, let me know. Myself, I am dystechnologic, so I appreciate patience with my developing skills. Also, I am allergic to perfumes, so I'd appreciate if you could wear no shaving lotion or perfumes to class.


Introduction to Neurolinguistics
Bibliography, Fall 2002

Abutalebi J., Cappa, S., and Perani, D. (2001) Functional imaging in the study of the recovery patterns in bilingual aphasia. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Bilingualism, 4 (2) 179.

Broca, P. (1861). (In Eds.), Rottenberg, D. and F. Hochberg. (1977). Neurological Classics in Modern Translation. NY: Hafnen.

Brown, W.E., Eliez, S., Menon, V., Rumsey, J.M., White, C.D., & Reiss, A.L. (2001). Preliminary evidence of widespread morphological variations of the brain in dyslexia. Neurology, 56, 781-783.

Dennis, M., & Whitaker, A. (1976). Language acquisition following hemidecortication: Linguistic superiority of the left over the right hemisphere. Brain and Language, 3, 404.

Dogil et al. (2002). The speaking brain: A tutorial introduction to fMRI experiments in the production of speech, prosody, and syntax. J. of Neurolinguistics, 15, 59-60.

Drager, B., & Knecht, S. (2002). When finding words becomes difficult: Is there activation of the subdominant hemisphere? Neuroimage, 16(3 Pt 1), July, 794.

Freud, S. (1891a [1953]). On aphasia. A critical study. New York: International University Press.

Friederici, A. D., Hahne, A. and von Cramon, D. Y. (1998). First-pass versus second pass parsing processes in a Wernicke’s and Broca’s aphasic : electrophysiological evidence for double dissociation. Brain and Language, 62 (3) 311 - 341.

Friederici, A. D., von Cramon, D. Y., and Kotz, S. A. (1999). Language related brain potentials in patients with cortical and subcortical left hemisphere lesions. Brain, 122, (6), 1033 - 1047.

Galaburda, A.M., Sherman, G.F., Rosen, G.D., Aboitiz, F., & Geschwind, N. (1985). Developmental dyslexia: Four consecutive patients with cortical anomalies. Annals of Neurology, 18, 222-233.

Giraud, AL, Price, C.J., Graham, J.M., & Frackowiak, R.S.J. (2001). Functional plasticity of language-related brain areas after cochlear implantation. Brain, 124(Pt.7), July, 1307-16.

Giraud, A.L., & Price, C.J. (2001). The constraints functional neuroimaging places on classical models of auditory word processing. J Cogn Neurosci, 13(6), August 15, 754-65.

Gold, BT, & Kertesz, A. (2000). Right hemisphere semantic processing of visual words in an aphasic patient: An fMRI study. Brain & Language, 73(3), July, 456-65.

Green W., and Price, C. (2001) Functional imaging in the study of recovery patterns. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Bilingualism, 4(2), 191.

Grodzinsky, Z. (2002). Neurolinguistics and neuroimaging: Forward to the future, or is it back? Psychol Sci, July, 13(4), 388-93.

Grodzinsky, Y. (1984). The syntactic charaterization of agrammatism, 16, 99 - 120.

Hahne A. (2001). What’s different in second language processing? Evidence from event-related brain potentials . Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 30 (3), 251-66.

Hahne, A. and Friederici, A. (2001) Processing a second language : late learners’ comprehension mechanisms as revealed by event-related brain potentials. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Bilingualism, 4 (2) 123

Hasegawa, M., Carpenter, P.A., & Just, M.A. (2002). An fMRI study of bilingual sentence comprhension and workload. NeuroImage, 15(3), March, 647-660(14).

Helenius, P., Salmelin, R., Service, E., Connolly, J.F., Leinonen, S., & Lyytinen, H. (2002). Cortical activation during spoken-word segmentation in nonreading-impaired and dyslexic adults. J Neurosci, 22(7), April, 2936-44.

Hernandez, A.E., Dapretto, M., Mazziotta, J., & Bookheimer, S. (2001). Language switching and language representation in Spanish-English bilinguals: An fMRI study. NeuroImage, 14(2), August, 510-520(11).

Hernandez, A. E., Martinez, A., and Kohnert, K. ( 2000). In search of the language switch : An FMRI study in Spanish_English bilinguals. Brain and Language, 73 421 - 431.

Huber, P., Gutbrod, K., Ozdoba, C., Nirkko, A., Lovblad, KO, & Schroth, G. (2000). Aphasia research and speech localization in the brain (article in German). Schweiz Med Wochenschr, 130(3), January 22, 49-59.

Karanth P. (1981). Pure alexia in a Kannada-English bilingual. Cortex, 17(2), 187-198.

Kim, K. H. S., Relkin, N. R., Lee, K., and Hirsch, J. (1997). Distinct cortical areas associated with native and second languages. Nature, 338, 171 - 174.

Klein, D., Zatorre, R., Milner, B., Meyer, E., and Evans, A. C. (1994). Left putaminal activation when speaking a second language : Evidence from PET. Neuroreport, 5 (17), 2295 - 2297.

Kotz, S. (2001). Neurolinguistic evidence for bilingual language representation : a comparison of reaction times and event related brain potentials. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Bilingualism, 4 (2) 143.

Luria, A.R. (1977). A modern assessment of the basic forms of aphasia. Brain and LanguageU, 4(2), 129-151.

MacSweeney, M., Woll, B., Campbell, R., McGuire, P.K., David, A.S., Williams, S.C., Suckling, J., Calvert, G.A., & Brammer, M.J. (2002). Neural systems underlying British Sign Language and audio-visual English processing in native users. Brain, 125(Pt. 7), July, 1583-93.

Morino, E. M., Federmeir, K. D., and Kutas, M. (2002). Switching languages, switching palabras (words): An electrophysiological study of code switching. Brain and Language, 80, 188-207.

Ojemann, G. A., and Whitaker, H. A. (1978). The bilingual brain. Archives of Neurology, 35, 409 - 412.

Papathanassiou, D., Etard, O., Mellet, E., Zago, L., Mazoyer, N., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2000). A common language network for comprehension and production: A contribution to the definition of language epicenters with PET. NeuroImage, 11(4), April.

Paradis, M. (1982). Alternate antagonism with paradoxical translation behavior in two bilingual aphasia patients. Brain and Language, 15, 55 - 69.

Pick, A. (1909). On the localization of agrammatism. Review of Neurology and Psychiatry, 7, 757-762.

Pitres, A. ( 1895). Aphasia in polyglots. In M. Paradis (Ed.) (1983). Readings on aphasia and bilinguals and polyglots, pp 26 - 49. Canada : Marcel Didier Incorporated.

Price, CJ (2001). Functional-imaging studies of the 19th century neurological model of language. Rev Neurol (Paris), September, 157(8-9 Pt 1), 833-6.

Rosen, H.J., Petersen, S.E., Linenweber, B.S., Snyder, A.Z., White, D.A., Chapman, L., Dromerick, A.W., Fiez, J.A., & Corbetta, M. (2000). Neural correlates of recovery from aphasia after damage to left inferior frontal cortex. Neurology, 55(12), December 26, 1883-94.

Sparks, R., Helms, N., & Albert, M. (1974). Aphasia rehabilitation resulting from melodic intonation therapy. Cortex, 10, 303-316.

Vaid, J. and Hull, R. (In press 2002). Revisiting the bilingual brain using functional neuroimaging : Methodological and interpretive issues. In F. Fabbro, (Ed.) Advances in Neurolinguistics of Bilingualism, pp 315 - 355.

Warburton, E., Price, C.J., Swinburn, K., & Wise, R.J. (1999). Mechanisms of recovery from aphasia: Evidence from positron emission tomography studies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 66(2), 136.

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Wernicke, C. (1874). The symptom complex of aphasia. A psychological study of an anatomical basis. In Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science: Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, 1966/1968, Volume IV, Dordrecht-Holland: D. Reidel Publishing Co.


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